|
¹ÉÊдúÂ룺SH600522 | |
taptap¿ª»§-taptapÌåÓý×¢²áվȺ |
taptap¿ª»§-taptapÌåÓý×¢²áÊÀóÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾
½¶«½ð¾ß×°±¸ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾
ÉϺ£êÅÆ·Í¨Ñ¶¿Æ¼¼ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾
taptap¿ª»§-taptapÌåÓý×¢²á¿í´øÊÖÒÕÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾
½ËÕtaptap¿ª»§-taptapÌåÓý×¢²á»¥Áª¿Æ¼¼ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾
½ËÕtaptap¿ª»§-taptapÌåÓý×¢²á²®ÀÖ´ï±äѹÆ÷ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾
|
EN |
±ê×¼ÊÇÒýÁ칤ҵÉú³¤µÄÁé»ê£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬±ê×¼»¯Ë®Æ½µÄÆéá«Ôò·´Ó¦ÁËÒ»¸ö¹ú¼Ò¹¤Òµ½¹µã¾ºÕùÁ¦ÒÔÖÂ×ÛºÏʵÁ¦µÄÇ¿Èõ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Ó¢¹ú¹ú¼ÒÎïÀíѧʵÑéÊÒ(NPL)¹ú¼Òʯīϩ¼ÆÁ¿ÖÐÐÄÊ×ϯ¿ÆÑ§¼ÒºÂÁá½ÌÊÚÈÕǰÔÚ½ÓÊܿƼ¼ÈÕ±¨¼ÇÕßר·Ãʱָ³ö£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒªÕæÕý°ÑʯīϩӦÓõ½¹¤ÒµÖбØÐè¾ÓÉ¡°ËIJ¿Çú¡±£º¼´¶ÔÖ¤ÁÏºÍÆ÷²Ä¾ÙÐбíÕ÷ÕÉÁ¿¡¢Ìá³ö¼ÆÁ¿ÒªÁì¡¢ÖÆ¶©±ê×¼£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×îºóƾ֤±ê×¼¶ÔÖ¤ÁϺͲúÆ·¾ÙÐÐÖÊÁ¿¼ì²â¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Öйúʯīϩ¹¤ÒµµÄÉú³¤ÏÖÔÚÕý´¦ÓÚÒªº¦½Úµã£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö»Óн¨ÉèºÍ×ñÕÕÍêÉÆµÄ±ê×¼»¯ÏµÍ³£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å»ª×îÖÕ°ü¹Ü²úÆ·µÖ´ïËùÉè¼ÆµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊµÏÖ²úÆ·ÖÊÁ¿¿ØÖÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ôö½øÖйúʯīϩ¹¤ÒµÇå¾²¡¢ÓÐÐòºÍ¿µ½¡µØÉú³¤¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ÖÆ¶©±ê×¼»ù´¡Ñо¿ÏÈÐÐ
Èκαê×¼µÄÖÆ¶©¶¼Ê¼ÓÚ»ù´¡Ñо¿£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ê¯Ä«Ï©±ê×¼»¯ÏµÍ³µÄ½¨ÉèÒ²²»ÆÆÀý¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ºÂ½ÌÊÚÏÈÈÝ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ê×ÏÈÒª¾ÙÐÐʯīϩÏà¹ØÖÊÁϵĻù´¡Ñо¿£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¹ûÕæ½ÒÏþÑо¿Ð§¹û²¢»ñµÃѧÊõ½çÆÕ±éÈϿɣ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö®ºó²Å»ªÌá³öʯīϩ±ê×¼µÄ¡°Êµ¼ù½¨ÒéÊ顱£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÏÂÒ»²½²ÅÊÇÌá½»¡°Ê¯Ä«Ï©±ê×¼²Ý°¸¡±¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¹ú¼Êʯīϩ±ê×¼µÄÖÆ¶©£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔòÐèÒª¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼»¯×éÖ¯(ISO)ºÍ¹ú¼Êµç¹¤Î¯Ô±»á(IEC)¶Ô²Ý°¸¾ÙÐÐÐ޸ġ¢±È¶ÔºÍͶƱ;ÿ¸ö±ê×¼µÄÖÆ¶©ÖÁÉÙÀúʱ1ÖÁ2Äê¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ʯīϩ±ê×¼¿É·ÖΪÁ½ÖÖ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µÚÒ»ÖÖÊÇÕÉÁ¿ÒªÁ죬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¼´Ôõô×ö;µÚ¶þÖÖÊÇÌṩÐÅÏ¢¡ª¡ªÏñ¡°Ê¯Ä«Ï©¡±½ç˵ÄÇÑù£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬½öÖ¸³öʲôÊÇʯīϩµ«²¢²»Ìá¹©ÖÆ±¸ÒªÁì;´Ó±ê×¼·Ö¼¶À´¿´£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔ·ÖΪ¹ú¼Ê¼¶¡¢¹ú¼Ò¼¶ºÍ¹¤Òµ¼¶±ê×¼¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼ÖÆ¶©¡°ÕýÔÚ¾ÙÐÐʱ¡±
Á½´ó¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼×éÖ¯ISOºÍIEC£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÏÖÔÚÕýÔÚÅäºÏÈÏÕæÖÆ¶©Ê¯Ä«Ï©¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ºÂ½ÌÊÚÏÈÈÝ˵£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ISOÈÏÕæÖÆ¶©µÄÁ½¸ö±ê×¼°üÀ¨Ê¯Ä«Ï©ÊõÓïµÄ½ç˵ºÍ¼ì²âÒªÁ죬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÆäÖÐʯīϩÊõÓïµÄ½ç˵ÊÇÓÉNPLÏòµ¼;ÓÉÄÉÃ×ÊÖÒÕ±ê׼ίԱ»á(JW1)ÏêϸÈÏÕæµÄÁíÒ»¸ö±ê×¼ÏÖÔÚÒ²ÕýÔÚÌÖÂÛÖ®ÖС£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£IECÔòÈÏÕæÖÆ¶©Ê¯Ä«Ï©µÄÐÔÄܼì²âÒªÁ죬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬°üÀ¨Ê¯Ä«Ï©½á¹¹±íÕ÷¡¢µçÐÔÄܱíÕ÷µÈ6Ïî±ê×¼¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£½üÆÚ»¹½«»áÓÐеıê×¼±»ÁÐÈëISOºÍIECµÄÌÖÂÛÖ®ÖС£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÔÚÏÖÔÚÕýÔÚÖÆ¶©µÄËùÓÐʯīϩ±ê×¼ÖУ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ê¯Ä«Ï©µÄ½ç˵ºÍÊõÓï×îΪÖ÷Òª£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö»ÓÐÒÔ´ËΪ»ù´¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å»ª¶ÔʯīϩµÄÆäËûÐÔÄܾÙÐбíÕ÷¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
Ëý½øÒ»²½ÏÈÈÝ˵£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ê¯Ä«Ï©µÄһЩÐÔÄܶÔζȡ¢Êª¶ÈµÈÍâ½çÇéÐμ«ÆäÃô¸Ð£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÌØÊâÊÇʯīϩ´«¸ÐÆ÷¸üΪÃô¸Ð¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Òò´Ë´ÓÓ¦ÓýǶÈÀ´½²£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýʹʯīϩ¹¦Ð§»¯À´ÎÈ¹ÌÆäÉÏÊöÐÔÄÜ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬»òÕßʹÆä½ö¶ÔijÖÖÍâ½çÇéÐÎÒòËØÃô¸Ð¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÉÏÊöʯīϩµÄÌØÕ÷Ö»ÓÐÔÚµ¥²ãʯīϩµÄÀíÏë״̬Ï²Żª¾ß±¸£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ«ÔÚÏÖʵӦÓÃÖиü¶àµÄÊÇ·ÇÀíÏë״̬¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Òò´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼ÖÐʯīϩÊõÓïËùÉæ¼°µÄ¹æÄ£ºÜ¹ã£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬°üÀ¨µ¥²ãʯīϩ¡¢Ë«²ãʯīϩºÍʯīϩƬµÈ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÔÚISOÖ÷µ¼Ï¡¢ÓÉNPLÏêϸÏòµ¼µÄÕâÏîÊÂÇéÒѾһÁ¬Á˽ü3Ä꣬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÓÐÍûÓÚ½ñÄêÐû²¼¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
NPLÒýÁìÈ«Çòʯīϩ±ê×¼Ñо¿
Ó¢¹úÊÇʯīϩµÄ¡°½µÉú¹ú¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õþ¸®ÔÚʯīϩ»ù´¡Ñо¿ºÍ¹¤Òµ»¯·½ÃæÍ¶ÈëÁË´ó×Ú×ʽ𣬣¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ËüÔçÔÚ2008Äê¾Í×ÊÖú¹ú¼ÒÎïÀíѧʵÑéÊÒ¶ÔʯīϩµÄÐÔÄܱíÕ÷ºÍ±ê×¼¾ÙÐÐÑо¿£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²¢ÓÚ2015Ä꽨ÉèÁËÓ¢¹ú¡°¹ú¼Òʯīϩ¼ÆÁ¿ÖÐÐÄ¡±¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£NPLÓйء°Á¿×Ó»ô¶ûЧӦ¡±µÄʵÑéΪʯīϩ·¢Ã÷ºÍÑо¿ÕßÈÙ»ñ2010Äêŵ±´¶û½±ÌṩÁËÒªº¦ÐÔÖ¤¾Ý¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ºÂ½ÌÊÚÏÈÈÝ˵£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÌìÏÂÉÏ×î¾ßȨÍþµÄ¹ú¼Ò¼¶±ê×¼Ñо¿ºÍ¼ÓÈëÖÆ¶©»ú¹¹Ö÷ÒªÓÐÈý¼Ò£ºNPL¡¢ÃÀ¹ú¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼ºÍÊÖÒÕÑо¿Ôº(NIST)ºÍµÂ¹úÁª°îÎïÀíÊÖÒÕÑо¿Ôº(PTB)£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¶øÔÚʯīϩ¼ÆÁ¿ºÍ±ê×¼Ñо¿·½ÃæNPLÊÇÁìÍ·Ñò¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£NPLÖÂÁ¦ÓÚÖÆ¶©¡°Ò»¼¶±ê×¼¡±(¼´Á¿×Ó±ê×¼)£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÚ¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼»ú¹¹ÖÐËü¼ÌÐøÏòµ¼ÕߺͼÓÈëÕßË«ÖØ½ÇÉ«;ÔÚÓ¢¹úËüÔÚ¼ÓÈëÖÆ¶©Ê¯Ä«Ï©¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼µÄͬʱ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬»¹ÓëÓ¢¹ú¹ú¼ÒʯīϩÑо¿Ôº(NGI)½¨ÉèÁËÕ½ÂÔ»ï°é¹ØÏµ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Í¨¹ý½«¡°Ò»¼¶±ê×¼¡±×ª»¯Îª¡°¶þ¼¶±ê×¼¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö¸µ¼NGIÖÆ¶©Ó¢¹úµÄʯīϩ¹¤Òµ±ê×¼¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÏÖÔÚ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ë«ÆÓֱ͎áÖÆ¶©Ó¢¹úµÄ¡°Ê¯Ä«Ï©±ê×¼°×ƤÊ顱¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
NPLÆð¾¢ÍƽøÓëÖйúʯīϩ±ê×¼»¯ºÏ×÷
ÔÚʯīϩ±ê×¼»¯ÏµÍ³½¨Éè·½Ãæ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Æð¾¢ÍƽøÓëÖйúµÄÕ½ÂÔºÏ×÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊǺÂÁá½ÌÊÚÏòµ¼µÄNPL¹ú¼Òʯīϩ¼ÆÁ¿ÖÐÐĵÄÁíÒ»ÊÂÇéÖØÐÄ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÏÖÔÚ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬NPLÒÑ»®·ÖÓëÖйú¼ÆÁ¿Ñо¿Ôº¡¢±±¾©Öйشå·ą́¿Æ¼¼Ô°½¨ÉèÁËÕ½ÂÔºÏ×÷»ï°é¹ØÏµ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÆäÖØµãÊÇÔöÇ¿ÓëºóÕßÔÚʯīϩ¼°¶þάÖÊÁÏÌØÕ÷±ê×¼¼ì²â¡¢¼ÆÁ¿·½ÃæµÄºÏ×÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÏÖÒѽ¨ÉèÁËʯīϩµçÐÔÄܱíÕ÷ºÍÈÈÐÔÄܱíÕ÷µÈ4¸ö¹ú¼Ê¼ì²â±ê׼ʵÑéÊÒ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ÔÚºÂÁá½ÌÊÚ¿´À´£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬±ê×¼ºÍ¼ì²â¹ØÓÚʯīϩ¹¤Òµ»¯¼«ÎªÖ÷Òª¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£NPL°ÑÓë±±¾©Öйشå·ą́¿Æ¼¼Ô°µÄÕ½ÂÔºÏ×÷¿´³ÉÒ»¸ö¡°Æ½Ì¨ºÍ´°¿Ú¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬½èÖúÓÚNPLµÄÀíÄîºÍÏȽø¼ì²âÒªÁ죬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Í¨¹ýÉèÊ©½¨Éè¡¢Ö°Ô±½»Á÷ºÍÅàѵָµ¼µÈÏêϸºÏ×÷·½·¨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Íƶ¯Öйúʯīϩ¹¤Òµ±ê×¼»¯ÏµÍ³µÄ½¨Éè¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
ÖйúÊÇʯīϩ×ÊÔ´´ó¹ú£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬´¢Á¿Õ¼È«ÇòµÄ70%×óÓÒ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ºÂÁá½ÌÊÚÒÔΪ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÖйúÃñ¼ä¶ÔʯīϩͶ×ÊÈÈÇé¸ßÕÇ;µ«´ÓÖÐÓ¢ÆóÒµ½çµÄºÏ×÷ʵ¼ùÀ´¿´£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÖйúÆóÒµÒªÕæÕý×ßÏò¹ú¼Ê»¯£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¾Í±ØÐ轨ÉèºÍ×ñÕÕÍêÉÆµÄʯīϩ±ê×¼»¯ÏµÍ³£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö»ÓÐÕâÑù²Å»ª°ü¹ÜÆóÒµ³ö¿ÚµÄʯīϩÔÖÊÁϼ°²úÆ·µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÕæÕýÎüÒý¹ú¼ÊÈë¿ÚÉÌ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬´Ó¶ø°ü¹ÜÖйúʯīϩ¹¤ÒµµÄÇå¾²¡¢ÓÐÐòºÍ¿µ½¡Éú³¤¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡££¨ÎÄÕÂȪԴ£º¿Æ¼¼ÈÕ±¨£©